The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
Di Valentino E, Said JL, Riess A, Pollo A, Poulin V, Gómez-Valent A, Weltman A, Palmese A, Huang CD, Bruck Cvd, Saraf CS, Kuo CY, Uhlemann C, Grandón D, Paz D, Eckert D, Teixeira EM, Saridakis EN, Colgáin E, Beutler F, Niedermann F, Bajardi F, Barenboim G, Gubitosi G, Musella I, Banik I, Szapudi I, Singal J, Cases JH, Chluba J, Torrado J, Mifsud J, Jedamzik K, Said K, Dialektopoulos K, Herold L, Perivolaropoulos L, Zu L, Galbany L, Breuval L, Visinelli L, Escamilla LA, Anchordoqui LA, Sheikh-Jabbari MM, Lembo M, Dainotti MG, Vincenzi M, Asgari M, Gerbino M, Forconi M, Cantiello M, Moresco M, Benetti M, Schöneberg N, Akarsu Ö, Nunes RC, Bernardo RC, Chávez R, Anderson RI, Watkins R, Capozziello S, Li S, Vagnozzi S, Pan S, Treu T, Irsic V, Handley W, Giarè W, Murakami Y, Banihashemi A, Poudou A, Heavens A, Kogut A, Domi A, Lenart AŁ, Melchiorri A, Vadalà A, Amon A, Rivera AB, Reeves A, Zhuk A, Bonanno A, Övgün A, Pisani A, Talebian A, Abebe A, Aboubrahim A, Morán ALG, Kovács A, Lymperis A, Papatriantafyllou A, Liddle AR, Paliathanasis A, Borowiec A, Yadav AK, Yadav A, Sen AA, William AJ, Davis AC, Shajib AJ, Walters A, Lonappan AI, Chudaykin A, Capodagli A, Silva Ad, Felice AD, Racioppi A, Oficial AS, Montiel A, Favale A, Bernui A, Velasco AC, Heinesen A, Bakopoulos A, Chatzistavrakidis A, Khanpour B, Sathyaprakash BS, Zgirski B, L'Huillier B, Famaey B, Jain B, Zhang B, Karmakar B, Dragovich B, Thomas B, Correa C, Boiza CG, Marques C, Escamilla-Rivera C, Tzerefos C, Zhang C, Leo CD, Pfeifer C, Lee C, Venter C, Gomes C, bom CRD, Moreno-Pulido C, Iosifidis D, Grin D, Blixt D, Scolnic D, Oriti D, Dobrycheva D, Bettoni D, Benisty D, Fernández-Arenas D, Wiltshire DL, Cid DS, Tamayo D, Valls-Gabaud D, Pedrotti D, Wang D, Staicova D, Totolou D, Rubiera-Garcia D, Milaković D, Pesce DW, Sluse D, Borka D, Yusofi E, Giusarma E, Terlevich E, Tomasetti E, Vagenas EC, Fazzari E, Ferreira EG, Barakovic E, Dimastrogiovanni E, Holm EB, Mottola E, Özülker E, Specogna E, Brocato E, Jensko E, Enriquez EA, Bhatia E, Bresolin F, Avila F, Bouchè F, Bombacigno F, Anagnostopoulos FK, Pace F, Sorrenti F, Lobo FS, Courbin F, Hansen FK, Sloan G, Farrugia G, Lynch G, Garcia-Arroyo G, Raimondo G, Lambiase G, Anand GS, Poulot G, Leon G, Kouniatalis G, Nardini G, Csörnyei G, Galloni G, Bargiacchi G, Papagiannopoulos G, Montani G, Otalora G, Somma GD, Fiorentino G, Fanizza G, Luciano GG, Sarracino G, Olmo GJ, Djordjević GS, Cañas-Herrera G, Cheng H, Desmond H, Abdalla H, Chen H, Chiang HW, Feldman HA, Gohar H, Ben-Dayan I, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Antoniadis I, Cimdiker I, Albuquerque IS, Gialamas ID, Saltas I, Vavilova I, Gómez-Vargas I, Ayuso I, Zeynalabdi IN, Martino ID, Zavala I, Vázquez JA, Asorey J, Gluza J, Rubio J, Sorce JG, Wagner J, Sakstein J, Santiago J, Braatz J, Peracaula JS, Blakeslee J, Webb J, Cembranos JA, Mimoso JP, Jensen J, García-Bellido J, Prat J, Sammut K, Lehnert K, Dienes KR, Deka K, Kuijken K, Naidoo K, Gergely LÁ, Järv L, Mersini-Houghton L, Graef LL, Vacher L, Pogosian L, Anguelova L, Hamolli L, Yin L, Caloni L, Izzo L, Macri L, Padilla LE, García LÁ, Bilicki M, Najafi M, Plionis M, Gonzalez-Espinoza M, Hohmann M, Westhuizen MAd, Marconi M, Postolak M, Cesare Md, Regis M, Biesiada M, Einasto M, Saal M, Caruana M, Petronikolou M, Bouhmadi-López M, Melo M, Angelis MD, Célérier MN, Cortês M, Reid M, Rau MM, Sloth MS, Raidal M, Takada M, Reyhani M, Romanello M, Marengo M, Garny M, Leizerovich M, Martinelli M, Tagliazucchi M, Demirci M, Pinto MA, Sabogal MA, García-Aspeitia MA, Milošević M, Ghodsi M, Ishak M, Nunes NJ, Samaras N, Hamaus N, Schuster N, Borghi N, Deiosso N, Tamanini N, Fornengo N, Katırcı N, Mavromatos NE, Petropoulos N, Šarčević N, Nilsson NA, Khosravi N, Frusciante N, Postavaru O, Trivedi O, Sokoliuk O, Mena O, Morilla P, Campeti P, Salucci P, Boubel P, Bielewicz P, Heinämäki P, Suman P, Asimakis P, Ntelis P, Nath P, Jovanović P, Mukherjee P, Wojtak R, Gsponer R, Dejrah RH, Shah R, Hajjar R, Briffa R, Habas R, Pantig RC, Mendoza R, Monica RD, Stiskalek R, Roshan R, Neves RB, Molinaro R, Terlevich R, D'Agostino R, Sandoval-Orozco R, Batista RC, Ruchika , Lazkoz R, Rastgoo S, Mohammadi S, Sirletti SS, Haridasu S, Mandal S, Das S, Bahamonde S, Grandis S, Trojanowski S, Odintsov SD, Mazurenko S, Joudaki S, Suyu SH, Choudhury SR, Bhatporia S, Li SS, Bird S, Birrer S, Paradiso S, Costa SSd, Contarini S, Henrot-Versillé S, Basilakos S, Casertano S, Gariazzo S, Tsilioukas SA, Kalita S, Kumar S, Landau SJ, Castello S, Panda S, Petrushevska T, Karakasis T, Brinckmann T, Gonçalves TB, Schiavone T, Abel T, Koivisto T, Bringmann T, Demirbozan U, Kumar U, Marra V, Putten MH, Kalaitzidis V, Mitsou VA, Zarikas V, Pasic V, Keus V, Motta V, Jovanović VB, Cárdenas VH, Ripepi V, Salzano V, Impellizzeri V, Fonseca Vd, Ghirardini V, Vansevičius V, Yang W, Hellwing W, Ren X, Hu YM, Zhai Y, Sultan AM, Nosirov A, Pataki A, Santoni A, Batool A, Chakraborty A, Wojnar A, Tursunov A, De A, Hazarika A, Li B, Bose B, Mishra B, Ahmedov B, Scóccola C, Tortora C, Kenworthy DA, Holz DE, Mota DF, Pereira DS, Williams DM, Brout D, Lee DH, Guendelman E, Olex E, Silva E, Kahya EO, Mueller EM, Andrade-Oliveira F, Hunde FM, Joaquim FR, Pacaud F, Cyr-Racine FY, Nuñez FP, Rácz G, Belinario GC, Lewis GF, Dálya G, Laverda G, Risaliti G, Franco-Abellán G, Zammit H, Camilleri H, Courtois HM, Moradpour H, Pedreira IdOC, Lopes I, Csabai I, Rohlf JW, Bogdanoska J, Pérez JdC, Bachs-Esteban J, Sultana J, Lesgourgues J, Jiang JQ, Castillo KP, Jusufi K, Heisenberg L, Pati L, Koopmans LV, Duchaniya Lk, Lombriser L, Garrote MP, Domínguez M, Samsonyan M, Pace M, Krššák M, Pookkillath MC, Peronaci M, Piani M, Raftogianni M, Vyas MJ, Michalopoulou M, Gogberashvili M, Klasen M, Cicoli M, Quartin M, Zumalacárregui M, Dimitrijević MS, Dordevic M, Karčiauskas M, Le Delliou M, Grimm N, Kozameh NA, Voicu N, Pop N, Chatzifotis N, Yunusov O, Piattella OF, Ferreira PdS, Raffai P, Schupp P, Ruiz-Lapuente P, Sahoo PK, Maluf RV, Durrer R, Kadam SA, Matarrese S, Brieden S, González-Gaitán S, Lohakare SV, Watson S, Wang SJ, Nunes SM, Chakrabarti S, Das S, Mukherjee S, Jurić T, Baker T, Nakas T, Barreiro T, Mukhopadhyay U, Vujčić V, Sagun V, Srećković VA, Zhang W, Toda Y, Piao YS, Davari Z (2025)
Publication Type: Journal article, Review article
Publication year: 2025
Journal
Book Volume: 49
Article Number: 101965
DOI: 10.1016/j.dark.2025.101965
Abstract
The standard model of cosmology has provided a good phenomenological description of a wide range of observations both at astrophysical and cosmological scales for several decades. This concordance model is constructed by a universal cosmological constant and supported by a matter sector described by the standard model of particle physics and a cold dark matter contribution, as well as very early-time inflationary physics, and underpinned by gravitation through general relativity. There have always been open questions about the soundness of the foundations of the standard model. However, recent years have shown that there may also be questions from the observational sector with the emergence of differences between certain cosmological probes. In this White Paper, we identify the key objectives that need to be addressed over the coming decade together with the core science projects that aim to meet these challenges. These discordances primarily rest on the divergence in the measurement of core cosmological parameters with varying levels of statistical confidence. These possible statistical tensions may be partially accounted for by systematics in various measurements or cosmological probes but there is also a growing indication of potential new physics beyond the standard model. After reviewing the principal probes used in the measurement of cosmological parameters, as well as potential systematics, we discuss the most promising array of potential new physics that may be observable in upcoming surveys. We also discuss the growing set of novel data analysis approaches that go beyond traditional methods to test physical models. These new methods will become increasingly important in the coming years as the volume of survey data continues to increase, and as the degeneracy between predictions of different physical models grows. There are several perspectives on the divergences between the values of cosmological parameters, such as the model-independent probes in the late Universe and model-dependent measurements in the early Universe, which we cover at length. The White Paper closes with a number of recommendations for the community to focus on for the upcoming decade of observational cosmology, statistical data analysis, and fundamental physics developments. [Figure presented]
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University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
United States (USA) (US)
Simon Fraser University
Canada (CA)
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC, ESA)
Netherlands (NL)
University of Tirana / Universiteti i Tiranës
Albania (AL)
Zhejiang University / Chekiang University / 浙江大学
China (CN)
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
India (IN)
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
Brazil (BR)
University of Alberta
Canada (CA)
University of Southern Denmark / Syddansk Universitet
Denmark (DK)
Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology (KNTU) / دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصيرالدين طوسی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Islamic Azad University (IAU) / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
University of Lethbridge
Canada (CA)
University of Peloponnese
Greece (GR)
Technische Universität München (TUM)
Germany (DE)
Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) / University of Buenos Aires
Argentina (AR)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze / Charles University in Prague
Czech Republic (CZ)
Australian National University (ANU)
Australia (AU)
Turku University Hospital / Turun yliopistollinen keskussairaala (TYKS)
Finland (FI)
Mapúa University
Philippines (PH)
University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD)
United States (USA) (US)
Ahmedabad University / અમદાવાદ યુનિવર્સિટી
India (IN)
University of Stavanger / Universitetet i Stavanger
Norway (NO)
Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica
Taiwan (TW)
University of California, Riverside (UCR)
United States (USA) (US)
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Germany (DE)
State University of New York at Albany (UNY Albany / UAlbany)
United States (USA) (US)
Northeastern University
United States (USA) (US)
Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) / The Institute for High Energy Physics
Spain (ES)
Ankara University / Ankara Üniversitesi
Turkey (TR)
Indian Statistical Institute
India (IN)
University of Ottawa
Canada (CA)
Sejong Institute / 세종연구소
Korea, Republic of (KR)
University of St Andrews
United Kingdom (GB)
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS)
Ireland (IE)
University of Valparaíso (UV) / Universidad de Valparaiso
Chile (CL)
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Georgia (GE)
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster
Germany (DE)
Polytechnic University of Timişoara / Universitatea Politehnica Timișoara (UPT)
Romania (RO)
Indian Institute of Astrophysics
India (IN)
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Netherlands (NL)
Université Paris-Saclay
France (FR)
Tezpur University
India (IN)
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers (TIIAME) / Uzbe ikromjon alijonov Mexanizatsiyalash Muhandislari Instituti
Uzbekistan (UZ)
University of Insubria / Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Italy (IT)
University of Nova Gorica / Univerza v Novi Gorici
Slovenia (SI)
The Oskar Klein Centre
Sweden (SE)
VIT University (Vellore Institute of Technology)
India (IN)
Institute of Fundamental Physics / Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC)
Spain (ES)
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR)
India (IN)
Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje / Универзитет „Св. Кирил и Методиј“ во Скопје
Republic of North Macedonia (MK)
University of Cordoba / Universidad de Córdoba (UCO)
Spain (ES)
Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen
Germany (DE)
University of Luxembourg
Luxembourg (LU)
Yerevan Physics Institute (YerPhI) / Երևանի Ֆիզիկայի Ինստիտուտ
Armenia (AM)
Mahidol University / มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล
Thailand (TH)
Vanderbilt University
United States (USA) (US)
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) / Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Brazil (BR)
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics / Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut)
Germany (DE)
Lanzhou University
China (CN)
Transilvania University of Brasov / Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov
Romania (RO)
Universidade Federal do Ceará (UCF)
Brazil (BR)
SR University
India (IN)
University of Padua / Universita degli Studi di Padova
Italy (IT)
Syracuse University
United States (USA) (US)
Australia (AU)
Mathematical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MISANU) / Математички институт САНУ
Serbia (RS)
University of Malta
Malta (MT)
Johns Hopkins University (JHU)
United States (USA) (US)
Princeton University
United States (USA) (US)
Fluminense Federal University / Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
Brazil (BR)
Lafayette College
United States (USA) (US)
MTA Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences / Csillagászati és Földtudományi Kutatóközpont (MTA CSFK)
Hungary (HU)
University of Ioannina / Πανεπιστήμιο Ιωαννίνων
Greece (GR)
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) / Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
Germany (DE)
National Centre for Nuclear Research (früher:Institute of Atomic Energy POLATOM & Andrzej Sołtan Institute for Nuclear Studies) / Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych (NCBJ)
Poland (PL)
University of Patras (UPATRAS)
Greece (GR)
National Technical University of Athens / Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο
Greece (GR)
Brazilian Center for Physics Research / Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF)
Brazil (BR)
National Observatory of Athens (NOA)
Greece (GR)
University of Cape Town (UCT)
South Africa (ZA)
Plaksha University
India (IN)
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
Germany (DE)
Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS)
India (IN)
Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB)
Germany (DE)
Institute of Physics of Buenos Aires / Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA)
Argentina (AR)
University of Geneva / Université de Genève (UNIGE)
Switzerland (CH)
Institute of Theoretical Physics (ITP) / 中国科学院理论物理研究所
China (CN)
Gemini Observatory Southern Operations Center (International Gemini Observatory)
Chile (CL)
University of Tuzla
Bosnia And Herzegovina (BA)
Eötvös Loránd University / Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem (ELTE)
Hungary (HU)
University of Sussex
United Kingdom (GB)
Mazandaran University of Science and Technology (MUST) / دانشگاه علوم و فنون مازندران
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Pennsylvania State University (Penn State)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Zurich / Universität Zürich (UZH)
Switzerland (CH)
Center for Theoretical Physics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Poland (PL)
Universidad de Concepcion
Chile (CL)
Sejong University (SJU) / 세종대학교
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Florida State University (FSU)
United States (USA) (US)
Instituto Superior Técnico
Portugal (PT)
Astronomical Observatory Belgrade
Serbia (RS)
State University of Tetova / Universiteti Shtetëror i Tetovës / Државен универзитет во Тетово
Republic of North Macedonia (MK)
University of Southampton
United Kingdom (GB)
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
Germany (DE)
University of Belgrade / Универзитет у Београду
Serbia (RS)
Comenius University Bratislava
Slovakia (SK)
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
China (CN)
Università degli Studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata'
Italy (IT)
Hokkaido University (Hokudai) / 北海道大学
Japan (JP)
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
China (CN)
Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS) / 한국 고등과학원
Korea, Republic of (KR)
University of Lisbon / Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa)
Portugal (PT)
University of Sheffield
United Kingdom (GB)
University of Portsmouth
United Kingdom (GB)
Ariel University
Israel (IL)
Chulalongkorn University / จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Thailand (TH)
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR) / Akademie věd České republiky (AVČR)
Czech Republic (CZ)
Helsinki Institute of Physics
Finland (FI)
Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science)
Spain (ES)
Universidade do Porto
Portugal (PT)
Universidad Católica del Norte
Chile (CL)
Universität Bremen
Germany (DE)
Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) / پژوهشگاه دانشهای بنیادی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Università degli Studi di Ferrara
Italy (IT)
Paris Observatory / Observatoire de Paris
France (FR)
Università degli Studi di Trento
Italy (IT)
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan / 国立天文台(NAOJ)
Japan (JP)
Noordwes-Universiteit / North-West University
South Africa (ZA)
University of Oxford
United Kingdom (GB)
Newcastle University
United Kingdom (GB)
Duke University
United States (USA) (US)
Presidency University Kolkata
India (IN)
University of Okara / جامعہ اوکاڑہ
Pakistan (PK)
Fudan University / 复旦大学
China (CN)
University of Cambridge
United Kingdom (GB)
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Spain (ES)
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)
China (CN)
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Chile (CL)
Main Astronomical Observatory (MAO) / Головна астрономічна обсерваторія
Ukraine (UA)
University of Wroclaw / Uniwersytet Wrocławski
Poland (PL)
Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie / Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy
Germany (DE)
University of Malaya (UM) / Universiti Malaya
Malaysia (MY)
University of the Philippines Diliman (UP Diliman)
Philippines (PH)
Laboratoire des 2 Infinis Toulouse (L2IT)
France (FR)
National Autonomous University of Mexico / Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
Mexico (MX)
University of Turin / Università degli Studi di Torino (UNITO)
Italy (IT)
National Institute for Astrophysics / Istituto Nazionale Astrofisica (INAF)
Italy (IT)
University of Thessaly / Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας
Greece (GR)
Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Italy (IT)
Università degli Studi di Salerno
Italy (IT)
Fukushima University / 福島大学
Japan (JP)
Institute for Basic Science
Korea, Republic of (KR)
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
United States (USA) (US)
Sharif University of Technology / دانشگاه صنعتی شریف (SUT)
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
University of Tokyo
Japan (JP)
Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck / University of Innsbruck
Austria (AT)
Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Italy (IT)
Politechnic University of Bucharest / Universitatea Politehnica din București
Romania (RO)
Southern University of Science and Technology
China (CN)
Astronomical Observatory of Capodimonte / Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
Italy (IT)
University of Kansas (KU)
United States (USA) (US)
Pomeranian Medical University / Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie (PMU)
Poland (PL)
National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab)
United States (USA) (US)
Queen Mary University of London
United Kingdom (GB)
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)
Spain (ES)
University of Groningen / Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Netherlands (NL)
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
United States (USA) (US)
Escuela Colombiana de Carreras Industriales (ECCI)
Colombia (CO)
Aarhus University
Denmark (DK)
Università degli studi "La Sapienza"
Italy (IT)
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
United States (USA) (US)
Universidad de Playa Ancha (UPLA)
Chile (CL)
University College London (UCL)
United Kingdom (GB)
University of Tartu
Estonia (EE)
University of Salamanca / Universidad de Salamanca
Spain (ES)
National Institute for Nuclear Physics / Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
Italy (IT)
University of Pennsylvania (UPenn)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Nevada Las Vegas
United States (USA) (US)
University of Bologna / Università di Bologna
Italy (IT)
Scuola Superiore Meridionale
Italy (IT)
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU)
Germany (DE)
Istanbul Technical University / İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi (İTÜ)
Turkey (TR)
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Brazil (BR)
Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics APCTP
Korea, Republic of (KR)
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Switzerland (CH)
Willamette University
United States (USA) (US)
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics / Keemilise ja Bioloogilise Füüsika Instituut (KBFI)
Estonia (EE)
University of Basque Country / Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV) / Euskal Herriko Unibersitatea (EHU)
Spain (ES)
Atlantic Technological University (ATU) / Ollscoil Teicneolaíochta an Atlantaigh
Ireland (IE)
Universidad de Zaragoza
Spain (ES)
Université de Strasbourg (UDS)
France (FR)
National Taiwan University (NTU)
Taiwan (TW)
Universitat de Barcelona (UB) / University of Barcelona
Spain (ES)
Maynooth University
Ireland (IE)
Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after Nasraddin Tusi (SHAO) / Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası Nəsirəddin Tusi adına Şamaxı Astrofizika Rəsədxanası
Azerbaijan (AZ)
Swansea University
United Kingdom (GB)
University of Silesia in Katowice / Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach
Poland (PL)
Université de Lille (ULille, UDL)
France (FR)
University of Montpellier / Université Montpellier
France (FR)
Carnegie Mellon University
United States (USA) (US)
Smithsonian Institution
United States (USA) (US)
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI)
Korea, Republic of (KR)
National Sun Yat-sen University
Taiwan (TW)
Universität Bielefeld
Germany (DE)
Leiden University
Netherlands (NL)
Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental
Argentina (AR)
University of Hawaii (U.H.)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Richmond (UR) / Universidad de Richmond
United States (USA) (US)
Polytechnic University of Catalonia / Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · BarcelonaTech (UPC) / Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña
Spain (ES)
University of Manchester
United Kingdom (GB)
Institute for the Structure of Matter / Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM)
Spain (ES)
Institute of Space Sciences (IEEC-CSIC)
Spain (ES)
European Space Agency (ESA)
France (FR)
City University of New York (CUNY)
United States (USA) (US)
University of Liège (ULg) / Université de Liège
Belgium (BE)
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences (VINS) / Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinča
Serbia (RS)
Michigan Technological University
United States (USA) (US)
Kuwait University
Kuwait (KW)
National Center for Scientific Research / Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
France (FR)
Karadeniz Technical University / Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi (KTU)
Turkey (TR)
Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México
Mexico (MX)
University of Nish
Serbia (RS)
University of Texas at Dallas (UTD / UT Dallas)
United States (USA) (US)
Doğuş Üniversitesi
Turkey (TR)
University of Edinburgh
United Kingdom (GB)
Royal Institute of Technology / Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH)
Sweden (SE)
University of València / Universitat de València
Spain (ES)
Imperial College London / The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine
United Kingdom (GB)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
United States (USA) (US)
Jagiellonian University / Uniwersytet Jagielloński (UJ)
Poland (PL)
Purple Mountain Observatory / 紫金山天文台
China (CN)
Institute for Nuclear Researches and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) / Институт за ядрени изследвания и ядрена енергетика (ИЯИЯЕ)
Bulgaria (BG)
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Greece (GR)
Universitat de Girona
Spain (ES)
University of New Mexico (UNM) / Universidad de Nuevo México
United States (USA) (US)
Haverford College
United States (USA) (US)
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology / Fizinių ir technologijos mokslų centras (FTMC)
Lithuania (LT)
Liaoning Normal University (LNU) / 辽宁师范大学
China (CN)
University of Oslo
Norway (NO)
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ) / Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich
Switzerland (CH)
Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University / Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова
Ukraine (UA)
Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) / Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi (DAU)
Cyprus (CY)
Durham University
United Kingdom (GB)
Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules (IN2P3)
France (FR)
Universidad de León
Spain (ES)
Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam / Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam
Germany (DE)
New Uzbekistan University (NUU) / Yangi O'zbekiston Universiteti
Uzbekistan (UZ)
Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT)
United States (USA) (US)
Union College
United States (USA) (US)
Universidad de Chile
Chile (CL)
National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics / Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE)
Mexico (MX)
University of Canterbury
New Zealand (NZ)
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
United States (USA) (US)
Jamia Millia Islamia
India (IN)
National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico / Instituto Politécnico Nacional de México
Mexico (MX)
Boston University
United States (USA) (US)
University of Chicago
United States (USA) (US)
Niels Bohr Institute / Niels Bohr Institutet
Denmark (DK)
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) / אוניברסיטת בן-גוריון בנגב
Israel (IL)
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)
Spain (ES)
Rudjer Boskovic Institute (RBI) / Institut Ruđer Bošković (IRB)
Croatia (HR)
Kyoto University / 京都大学 Kyōto daigaku
Japan (JP)
Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies GmbH (HITS)
Germany (DE)
Helsingin yliopisto / University of Helsinki
Finland (FI)
University of Sydney (USYD)
Australia (AU)
Università degli Studi di Firenze / University of Florence
Italy (IT)
University of Amsterdam
Netherlands (NL)
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCB)
France (FR)
Research Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics of Maragh (RIAAM)
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Greece (GR)
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA)
Italy (IT)
Utah Valley University (UVU)
United States (USA) (US)
Stockholm University / Stockholms universitet
Sweden (SE)
University of Arizona
United States (USA) (US)
University of Szeged / József Attila Tudományegyetem Szeged
Hungary (HU)
University of Tarapacá / Universidad de Tarapacá
Chile (CL)
University of Lleida / Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Spain (ES)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
United States (USA) (US)
Simon Fraser University
Canada (CA)
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC, ESA)
Netherlands (NL)
University of Tirana / Universiteti i Tiranës
Albania (AL)
Zhejiang University / Chekiang University / 浙江大学
China (CN)
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
India (IN)
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
Brazil (BR)
University of Alberta
Canada (CA)
University of Southern Denmark / Syddansk Universitet
Denmark (DK)
Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology (KNTU) / دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصيرالدين طوسی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
Islamic Azad University (IAU) / دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
Iran, Islamic Republic of (IR)
University of Lethbridge
Canada (CA)
University of Peloponnese
Greece (GR)
Technische Universität München (TUM)
Germany (DE)
Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) / University of Buenos Aires
Argentina (AR)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze / Charles University in Prague
Czech Republic (CZ)
Australian National University (ANU)
Australia (AU)
Turku University Hospital / Turun yliopistollinen keskussairaala (TYKS)
Finland (FI)
Mapúa University
Philippines (PH)
University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD)
United States (USA) (US)
Ahmedabad University / અમદાવાદ યુનિવર્સિટી
India (IN)
University of Stavanger / Universitetet i Stavanger
Norway (NO)
Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica
Taiwan (TW)
University of California, Riverside (UCR)
United States (USA) (US)
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Germany (DE)
State University of New York at Albany (UNY Albany / UAlbany)
United States (USA) (US)
Northeastern University
United States (USA) (US)
Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) / The Institute for High Energy Physics
Spain (ES)
Ankara University / Ankara Üniversitesi
Turkey (TR)
Indian Statistical Institute
India (IN)
University of Ottawa
Canada (CA)
Sejong Institute / 세종연구소
Korea, Republic of (KR)
University of St Andrews
United Kingdom (GB)
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies (DIAS)
Ireland (IE)
University of Valparaíso (UV) / Universidad de Valparaiso
Chile (CL)
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Georgia (GE)
Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster
Germany (DE)
Polytechnic University of Timişoara / Universitatea Politehnica Timișoara (UPT)
Romania (RO)
Indian Institute of Astrophysics
India (IN)
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute
Netherlands (NL)
Université Paris-Saclay
France (FR)
Tezpur University
India (IN)
Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers (TIIAME) / Uzbe ikromjon alijonov Mexanizatsiyalash Muhandislari Instituti
Uzbekistan (UZ)
University of Insubria / Università degli Studi dell'Insubria
Italy (IT)
University of Nova Gorica / Univerza v Novi Gorici
Slovenia (SI)
The Oskar Klein Centre
Sweden (SE)
VIT University (Vellore Institute of Technology)
India (IN)
Institute of Fundamental Physics / Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC)
Spain (ES)
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR)
India (IN)
Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje / Универзитет „Св. Кирил и Методиј“ во Скопје
Republic of North Macedonia (MK)
University of Cordoba / Universidad de Córdoba (UCO)
Spain (ES)
Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen
Germany (DE)
University of Luxembourg
Luxembourg (LU)
Yerevan Physics Institute (YerPhI) / Երևանի Ֆիզիկայի Ինստիտուտ
Armenia (AM)
Mahidol University / มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล
Thailand (TH)
Vanderbilt University
United States (USA) (US)
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) / Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Brazil (BR)
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics / Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut)
Germany (DE)
Lanzhou University
China (CN)
Transilvania University of Brasov / Universitatea Transilvania din Brașov
Romania (RO)
Universidade Federal do Ceará (UCF)
Brazil (BR)
SR University
India (IN)
University of Padua / Universita degli Studi di Padova
Italy (IT)
Syracuse University
United States (USA) (US)
How to cite
APA:
Di Valentino, E., Said, J.L., Riess, A., Pollo, A., Poulin, V., Gómez-Valent, A.,... Davari, Z. (2025). The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics. Physics of the Dark Universe, 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dark.2025.101965
MLA:
Di Valentino, Eleonora, et al. "The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics." Physics of the Dark Universe 49 (2025).
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