Endoscopic Resection Techniques for Widespread Precancerous Lesions and Early Carcinomas in the Rectum
Hochberger J, Loss M, Kruse E, Kouladouros K (2025)
Publication Type: Journal article, Review article
Publication year: 2025
Journal
Book Volume: 14
Article Number: 3322
Journal Issue: 10
DOI: 10.3390/jcm14103322
Abstract
Today, endoscopy plays a crucial role not only in the detection of precancerous and malignant colorectal lesions, but also in the treatment of even widespread adenomas and T1 early cancers. In addition to classic polypectomy and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) using a snare, in recent years, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become increasingly important. Marking, submucosal injection, circumferential incision of the mucosa around the lesion, tunneling, and submucosal dissection using a short diathermic knife facilitate the ‘en bloc’ resection of lesions larger than 3 cm, difficult to resect in one piece using a snare. Lesions with high-grade dysplasia or mucosal carcinoma are other good candidates aside from widespread adenomata with a high risk of recurrence after piecemeal resection. ESD allows R0 resection rates of more than 90% in specialized centers. Lesions of 20 cm have been removed ‘en bloc’ by expert endoscopists. ESD provides an optimal histopathologic yield and has a risk of recurrence as low as 3%. Endoscopic full-thickness resection using a special device (eFTRD) is another addition to the resection armamentarium. It is especially suitable for circumscribed lesions up to 2 cm in the middle and upper rectum. Endoscopic intermuscular dissection (EID) is a recent modification of ESD primarily in the rectum, including the inner, circular muscular layer into the resection specimen. In this way, it allows a histopathologic analysis of the entire submucosa beyond the mucosal and upper submucosal layer such as in ESD. This is especially important for T1 cancers invading the submucosa without any other risk factors of invasion.
Involved external institutions
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Germany (DE)
Vivantes - Netzwerk für Gesundheit GmbH
Germany (DE)
Asklepios Kliniken
Germany (DE)
Germany (DE)
Vivantes - Netzwerk für Gesundheit GmbH
Germany (DE)
Asklepios Kliniken
Germany (DE)
How to cite
APA:
Hochberger, J., Loss, M., Kruse, E., & Kouladouros, K. (2025). Endoscopic Resection Techniques for Widespread Precancerous Lesions and Early Carcinomas in the Rectum. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14103322
MLA:
Hochberger, Juergen, et al. "Endoscopic Resection Techniques for Widespread Precancerous Lesions and Early Carcinomas in the Rectum." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14.10 (2025).
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