Association of mental health, quality of life, and SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals in need of care: Results from a multicentre registry study

Lukaschek K, Hentschel H, Rottenkolber M, Alberer M, Winter S, Sebastiao M, Arend F, Dreischulte T, Gágyor I, Hausen A, Hoelscher M, Janke C, Kühlein T, Teupser D, Gensichen J, Gensichen J, Dreischulte T, Gágyor I, Hausen A, Hoelscher M, Janke C, Kühlein T, Nassehi A, Teupser D, Bader F, Eidenschink C, Floto C, Hindenburg D, Kurotschka P, Lindemann D, Lukaschek K, Mayr K, Michel I, Rottenkolber M, Sanftenberg L, Schwaiger R, Sebastiao M, Winter S, Hentschel H, Huber C, Mayrhuber J, Pettke M, Straub S, Theiss A (2025)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2025

Journal

PLoS ONE Public Library of Science

Book Volume: 20

Article Number: e0323017

Journal Issue: 5 May

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323017

Abstract

Objective Investigating the association between mental health, quality of life, and SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals in need of care compared to independent living individuals. Individuals in need of care include both care home residents and those receiving care either through an outpatient care service or from family members. Methods This cross-sectional study assessed symptoms of depression (PHQ-9>9) and anxiety (GAD-7>9), quality of life (EQ-5D-5L, EQ-VAS), dementia (SIS), SARSCoV-2 infection and socio-demographic variables in the total sample (N=978, 64.4% female, mean age: 77.5±13.8 years) and subgroups (study group, STG, n=532, individuals in need of care, SARS-CoV-2 positive; control group 1, CG1, n=213, individuals in need of care, SARS-CoV-2 negative; control group 2, CG2, n=233, independent living individuals, SARS-CoV-2 positive). Multivariate logistic regressions were performed. Results Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9>9) were significantly associated with lower quality of life in the total sample (EQ-VAS: OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.97, p<0.001; EQ-5D-5L: OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.07-0.29, p<0.001) and across all subgroups. Anxiety (GAD-7>9) was significantly associated with lower quality of life in the total sample (EQ-VAS: OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.98, p<0.001; EQ-5D-5L: OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.08-0.50, p<0.001) and all subgroups except CG1. In individuals in need of care with COVID-19, depressive symptoms were additionally associated with symptomatic infection (OR 3.47, 95% CI 1.45-8.28, p=0.005). Conclusion Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with reduced quality of life, irrespective of living environment or SARS-CoV-2 infection status, underscoring the need for targeted mental health interventions in older adults. While our model explained a considerable portion of the variability in depression and anxiety, further research is needed to account for the remaining proportion.

Authors with CRIS profile

Maria Sebastiao Institute of General Practice Thomas Kühlein Lehrstuhl für Allgemeinmedizin

Involved external institutions

Klinikum der Universität München DE Germany (DE) Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) DE Germany (DE) Universitätsklinikum Würzburg DE Germany (DE) Fachhochschule Münster DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Lukaschek, K., Hentschel, H., Rottenkolber, M., Alberer, M., Winter, S., Sebastiao, M.,... Theiss, A. (2025). Association of mental health, quality of life, and SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals in need of care: Results from a multicentre registry study. PLoS ONE, 20(5 May). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323017

MLA:

Lukaschek, Karoline, et al. "Association of mental health, quality of life, and SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals in need of care: Results from a multicentre registry study." PLoS ONE 20.5 May (2025).

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