Detection of SARS-CoV-2 binding receptors and miscellaneous targets as well as mucosal surface area of the human lacrimal drainage system

Rau AL, Schicht M, Zahn I, Ali MJ, Coroneo MT, Paulsen F (2024)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2024

Journal

Book Volume: 34

Pages Range: 296-308

DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.08.016

Abstract

Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate a potential role for the lacrimal drainage system (LDS) as a portal of entry and conduit for SARS-CoV-2 in human infection. We also investigate the mucosal surface area. The relatively long tear contact time in a closed system raises the possibility that this pathway may contribute to the initiation of systemic infection. We looked for expression of ACE2, the main receptor for SARS-CoV-2, as well as cofactors such as TMPRSS2 and other enzymes such as cathepsinB, CD147, elastase1, furin, neuropilin1, neuropilin2, TMPRSS11D and trypsin which also play a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, in this system. Methods: Human tissue samples of the draining tear ducts from body donors were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. It is not known whether the respective body donors were Sars-Cov-2 positive at any time; they were negative when they entered the institute. Besides, the draining LDS of body donors were measured to determine the mucosal surface in the lacrimal system. Results: The expression of the main receptor studied, ACE2, cofactors such as TMPRSS2 and other enzymes such as cathepsinB, CD147, elastase1, furin, neuropilin1, neuropilin2, TMPRSS11D and trypsin were all detected at the gene and protein level. The average mucosal surface area of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct was calculated to be 110 mm². Conclusion: The results show the presence of all analyzed receptors in the efferent LDS. With an average tear passage time of 3 min and a relatively large mucosal surface area, the LDS could therefore be considered as a portal of entry and conduit for SARS-CoV-2. In addition, it represents a surface that should be taken into consideration in the administration of topically applied medication to the ocular surface.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

L V Prasad Eye Institute India (IN) University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia (AU)

How to cite

APA:

Rau, A.-L., Schicht, M., Zahn, I., Ali, M.J., Coroneo, M.T., & Paulsen, F. (2024). Detection of SARS-CoV-2 binding receptors and miscellaneous targets as well as mucosal surface area of the human lacrimal drainage system. Ocular Surface, 34, 296-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtos.2024.08.016

MLA:

Rau, Anna-Lena, et al. "Detection of SARS-CoV-2 binding receptors and miscellaneous targets as well as mucosal surface area of the human lacrimal drainage system." Ocular Surface 34 (2024): 296-308.

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