Observation of seasonal variations of the flux of high-energy atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube

Abbasi R, Ackermann M, Adams J, Agarwalla SK, Aggarwal N, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Alameddine JM, Amin NM, Andeen K, Anton G, Argüelles C, Ashida Y, Athanasiadou S, Axani SN, Bai X, Balagopal V A, Baricevic M, Barwick SW, Basu V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker KH, Becker Tjus J, Beise J, Bellenghi C, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bontempo F, Book JY, Borowka J, Boscolo Meneguolo C, Böser S, Botner O, Böttcher J, Bourbeau E, Braun J, Brinson B, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burley RT, Busse RS, Butterfield D, Campana MA, Carloni K, Carnie-Bronca EG, Chattopadhyay S, Chen C, Chen Z, Chirkin D, Choi S, Clark BA, Classen L, Coleman A, Collin GH, Connolly A, Conrad JM, Coppin P, Correa P, Countryman S, Cowen DF, Dappen C, Dave P, De Clercq C, DeLaunay JJ, Delgado López D, Dembinski H, Deng S, Deoskar K, Desai A, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, DeYoung T, Diaz A, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dittmer M, Domi A, Dujmovic H, DuVernois MA, Ehrhardt T, Eller P, Engel R, Erpenbeck H, Evans J, Evenson PA, Fan KL, Fang K, Fazely AR, Fedynitch A, Feigl N, Fiedlschuster S, Finley C, Fischer L, Fox D, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Fürst P, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Garcia A, Garrappa S, Gerhardt L, Ghadimi A, Glaser C, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goehlke N, Gonzalez JG, Goswami S, Grant D, Gray SJ, Griffin S, Griswold S, Günther C, Gutjahr P, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halliday R, Halve L, Halzen F, Hamdaoui H, Ha Minh M, Hanson K, Hardin J, Harnisch AA, Hatch P, Haungs A, Hauser S, Helbing K, Hellrung J, Henningsen F, Heuermann L, Hickford S, Hidvegi A, Hill C, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoshina K, Hou W, Huber T, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, Hymon K, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jacquart M, Jansson M, Japaridze GS, Jayakumar K, Jeong M, Jin M, Jones BJ, Kang D, Kang W, Kang X, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Kardum L, Karg T, Karl M, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Kelley JL, Khatee Zathul A, Kheirandish A, Kin K, Kiryluk J, Klein SR, Kochocki A, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Kontrimas T, Köpke L, Kopper C, Koskinen DJ, Koundal P, Kovacevich M, Kowalski M, Kozynets T, Kruiswijk K, Krupczak E, Kumar A, Kun E, Kurahashi N, Lad N, Lagunas Gualda C, Lamoureux M, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Lazar JP, Lee JW, Leonard DeHolton K, Leszczyńska A, Lincetto M, Liu QR, Liubarska M, Lohfink E, Love C, Lozano Mariscal CJ, Lu L, Lucarelli F, Ludwig A, Luszczak W, Lyu Y, Ma WY, Madsen J, Mahn KB, Makino Y, Mancina S, Marie Sainte W, Mariş IC, Marka S, Marka Z, Marsee M, Martinez-Soler I, Maruyama R, Mayhew F, McElroy T, McNally F, Mead JV, Meagher K, Mechbal S, Medina A, Meier M, Meighen-Berger S, Merckx Y, Merten L, Micallef J, Mockler D, Montaruli T, Moore RW, Morii Y, Morse R, Moulai M, Mukherjee T, Naab R, Nagai R, Nakos M, Naumann U, Necker J, Neumann M, Niederhausen H, Nisa MU, Noell A, Nowicki SC, Obertacke Pollmann A, Oehler M, Oeyen B, Olivas A, Orsoe R, Osborn J, O’Sullivan E, Pandya H, Park N, Parker GK, Paudel EN, Paul L, Pérez de los Heros C, Peterson J, Philippen S, Pieper S, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Popovych Y, Prado Rodriguez M, Pries B, Procter-Murphy R, Przybylski GT, Raab C, Rack-Helleis J, Rawlins K, Rechav Z, Rehman A, Reichherzer P, Renzi G, Resconi E, Reusch S, Rhode W, Richman M, Riedel B, Roberts EJ, Robertson S, Rodan S, Roellinghoff G, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ruohan L, Ryckbosch D, Safa I, Saffer J, Salazar-Gallegos D, Sampathkumar P, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Savelberg J, Savina P, Schaufel M, Schieler H, Schindler S, Schlüter B, Schmidt T, Schneider J, Schröder FG, Schumacher L, Schwefer G, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Sharma A, Shefali S, Shimizu N, Silva M, Skrzypek B, Smithers B, Snihur R, Soedingrekso J, Søgaard A, Soldin D, Sommani G, Spannfellner C, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stein R, Stezelberger T, Stürwald T, Stuttard T, Sullivan GW, Taboada I, Ter-Antonyan S, Thompson WG, Thwaites J, Tilav S, Tollefson K, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Trettin A, Tung CF, Turcotte R, Twagirayezu JP, Ty B, Unland Elorrieta MA, Upadhyay AK, Upshaw K, Valtonen-Mattila N, Vandenbroucke J, van Eijndhoven N, Vannerom D, van Santen J, Vara J, Veitch-Michaelis J, Venugopal M, Verpoest S, Veske D, Walck C, Watson TB, Weaver C, Weigel P, Weindl A, Weldert J, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Weyrauch M, Whitehorn N, Wiebusch CH, Willey N, Williams DR, Wolf M, Wrede G, Wulff J, Xu XW, Yanez JP, Yildizci E, Yoshida S, Yu F, Yu S, Yuan T, Zhang Z, Zhelnin P (2023)


Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2023

Journal

Book Volume: 83

Article Number: 777

Journal Issue: 9

DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11679-5

Abstract

Atmospheric muon neutrinos are produced by meson decays in cosmic-ray-induced air showers. The flux depends on meteorological quantities such as the air temperature, which affects the density of air. Competition between decay and re-interaction of those mesons in the first particle production generations gives rise to a higher neutrino flux when the air density in the stratosphere is lower, corresponding to a higher temperature. A measurement of a temperature dependence of the atmospheric νμ flux provides a novel method for constraining hadronic interaction models of air showers. It is particularly sensitive to the production of kaons. Studying this temperature dependence for the first time requires a large sample of high-energy neutrinos as well as a detailed understanding of atmospheric properties. We report the significant (>10σ) observation of a correlation between the rate of more than 260,000 neutrinos, detected by IceCube between 2012 and 2018, and atmospheric temperatures of the stratosphere, measured by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument aboard NASA’s AQUA satellite. For the observed 10 % seasonal change of effective atmospheric temperature we measure a 3.5(3) % change in the muon neutrino flux. This observed correlation deviates by about 2-3 standard deviations from the expected correlation of 4.3 % as obtained from theoretical predictions under the assumption of various hadronic interaction models.

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How to cite

APA:

Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Agarwalla, S.K., Aggarwal, N., Aguilar, J.A.,... Zhelnin, P. (2023). Observation of seasonal variations of the flux of high-energy atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube. European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields, 83(9). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11679-5

MLA:

Abbasi, R., et al. "Observation of seasonal variations of the flux of high-energy atmospheric neutrinos with IceCube." European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields 83.9 (2023).

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