Hierarchical carbide-derived carbon foams with advanced mesostructure as a versatile electrochemical energy-storage material
Oschatz M, Borchardt L, Pinkert K, Thieme S, Lohe MR, Hoffmann C, Benusch M, Wisser FM, Ziegler C, Giebeler L, Ruemmeli MH, Eckert J, Eychmueller A, Kaskel S (2014)
Publication Type: Journal article, Original article
Publication year: 2014
Journal
Book Volume: 4
Article Number: 1300645
Journal Issue: 2
Abstract
Highly porous carbide-derived carbon (CDC) mesofoams (DUT-70) are prepared by nanocasting of mesocellular silica foams with a polycarbosilane precursor. Ceramic conversion followed by silica removal and high-temperature chlorine treatment yields CDCs with a hierarchical micro-mesopore arrangement. This new type of polymer-based CDC is characterized by specific surface areas as high as 2700 m2 g-1, coupled with ultrahigh micro- and mesopore volumes up to 2.6 cm3 g-1. The relationship between synthesis conditions and the properties of the resulting carbon materials is described in detail, allowing precise control of the properties of DUT-70. Since the hierarchical pore system ensures both efficient mass transfer and high capacities, the novel CDC shows outstanding performance as an electrode material in electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) with specific capacities above 240 F g-1 when measured in a symmetrical two-electrode configuration. Remarkable capacities of 175 F g-1 can be retained even at high current densities of 20 A g-1 as a result of the enhanced ion-transport pathways provided by the cellular mesostructure. Moreover, DUT-70 can be infiltrated with sulfur and host the active material in lithium-sulfur battery cathodes. Reversible capacities of 790 mAh g-1 are achieved at a current rate of C/10 after 100 cycles, which renders DUT-70 an ideal support material for electrochemical energy-storage applications. Hierarchical carbide-derived carbon (CDC) mesofoams (DUT-70) with extremely high specific surface areas and nanopore volumes are presented. DUT-70 shows outstanding specific capacities as electrode materials in electrochemical double-layer capacitors and as sulfur host in lithium-sulfur battery cathodes. This CDC is an advanced material for electrochemical energy storage, combining high capacities with efficient mass-transfer behavior. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Authors with CRIS profile
Involved external institutions
Technische Universität Dresden
Germany (DE)
Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden e.V. (IFW) / Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden
Germany (DE)
Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkstoff- und Strahltechnik (IWS) / Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology
Germany (DE)
Germany (DE)
Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden e.V. (IFW) / Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden
Germany (DE)
Fraunhofer-Institut für Werkstoff- und Strahltechnik (IWS) / Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology
Germany (DE)
How to cite
APA:
Oschatz, M., Borchardt, L., Pinkert, K., Thieme, S., Lohe, M.R., Hoffmann, C.,... Kaskel, S. (2014). Hierarchical carbide-derived carbon foams with advanced mesostructure as a versatile electrochemical energy-storage material. Advanced Energy Materials, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201300645
MLA:
Oschatz, Martin, et al. "Hierarchical carbide-derived carbon foams with advanced mesostructure as a versatile electrochemical energy-storage material." Advanced Energy Materials 4.2 (2014).
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