On-Surface Growth Dynamics of Graphene Nanoribbons: The Role of Halogen Functionalization
Di Giovannantonio M, Deniz O, Urgel JI, Widmer R, Dienel T, Stolz S, Sanchez-Sanchez C, Muntwiler M, Dumslaff T, Berger R, Narita A, Feng X, Muellen K, Ruffieux P, Fasel R (2018)
Publication Type: Journal article
Publication year: 2018
Journal
Book Volume: 12
Pages Range: 74-81
Journal Issue: 1
Abstract
On-surface synthesis is a powerful route toward the fabrication of specific graphene-like nanostructures confined in two dimensions. This strategy has been successfully applied to the growth of graphene nanoribbons of diverse width and edge morphology. Here, we investigate the mechanisms driving the growth of 9-atom wide armchair graphene nanoribbons by using scanning tunneling microscopy, fast X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature-programmed desorption techniques. Particular attention is given to the role of halogen functionalization (Br or I) of the molecular precursors. We show that the use of iodine-containing monomers fosters the growth of longer graphene nanoribbons (average length of 45 nm) due to a larger separation of the polymerization and cyclodehydrogenation temperatures. Detailed insight into the growth process is obtained by analysis of kinetic curves extracted from the fast X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. Our study provides fundamental details of relevance to the production of future electronic devices and highlights the importance of not only the rational design of molecular precursors but also the most suitable reaction pathways to achieve the desired final structures.
Involved external institutions
Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt (Empa) / Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology
Switzerland (CH)
Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)
Switzerland (CH)
Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung (MPI-P) / Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Germany (DE)
Technische Universität Dresden
Germany (DE)
Switzerland (CH)
Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)
Switzerland (CH)
Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung (MPI-P) / Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Germany (DE)
Technische Universität Dresden
Germany (DE)
How to cite
APA:
Di Giovannantonio, M., Deniz, O., Urgel, J.I., Widmer, R., Dienel, T., Stolz, S.,... Fasel, R. (2018). On-Surface Growth Dynamics of Graphene Nanoribbons: The Role of Halogen Functionalization. ACS nano, 12(1), 74-81. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b07077
MLA:
Di Giovannantonio, Marco, et al. "On-Surface Growth Dynamics of Graphene Nanoribbons: The Role of Halogen Functionalization." ACS nano 12.1 (2018): 74-81.
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