Study of the Very High Energy Emission of M87 through its Broadband Spectral Energy Distribution

Alfaro R, Alvarez C, Arteaga-Velázquez JC, Avila Rojas D, Ayala Solares HA, Belmont-Moreno E, Capistrán T, Carramiñana A, Casanova S, Cotti U, Cotzomi J, Coutiño de León S, De la Fuente E, de León C, Diaz Hernandez R, DuVernois MA, Durocher M, Díaz-Vélez JC, Espinoza C, Fan KL, Fernández Alonso M, Fraija N, García-González JA, Garfias F, González MM, Goodman JA, Harding JP, Huang D, Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F, Hüntemeyer P, Joshi V, Vargas HL, Linnemann JT, Longinotti AL, Luis-Raya G, Malone K, Martinez O, Martínez-Castro J, Matthews JA, Miranda-Romagnoli P, Moreno E, Mostafá M, Nayerhoda A, Nellen L, Noriega-Papaqui R, Omodei N, Peisker A, Pérez-Pérez EG, Rho CD, Rosa-González D, Salazar H, Salazar-Gallegos D, Salesa Greus F, Sandoval A, Serna-Franco J, Son Y, Springer RW, Tibolla O, Tollefson K, Torres I, Ureña-Mena F, Villaseñor L, Wang X, Willox E, Zepeda A (2022)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2022

Journal

Book Volume: 934

Article Number: 158

Journal Issue: 2

DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac7b78

Abstract

The radio galaxy M87 is the central dominant galaxy of the Virgo Cluster. Very high-energy (VHE, ≳0.1 TeV) emission from M87 has been detected by imaging air Cherenkov telescopes. Recently, marginal evidence for VHE long-term emission has also been observed by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory, a gamma-ray and cosmic-ray detector array located in Puebla, Mexico. The mechanism that produces VHE emission in M87 remains unclear. This emission originates in its prominent jet, which has been spatially resolved from radio to X-rays. In this paper, we construct a spectral energy distribution from radio to gamma rays that is representative of the nonflaring activity of the source, and in order to explain the observed emission, we fit it with a lepto-hadronic emission model. We found that this model is able to explain nonflaring VHE emission of M87 as well as an orphan flare reported in 2005.

Authors with CRIS profile

Involved external institutions

National Autonomous University of Mexico / Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Mexico (MX) Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH) Mexico (MX) Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH) Mexico (MX) Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) United States (USA) (US) National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics / Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE) Mexico (MX) Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences / Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej im. Henryka Niewodniczańskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk Poland (PL) Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP) / Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla Mexico (MX) University of Wisconsin - Madison United States (USA) (US) Universidad de Guadalajara (UDEG) Mexico (MX) Los Alamos National Laboratory United States (USA) (US) University of Maryland United States (USA) (US) Tecnológico de Monterrey (ITESM) Mexico (MX) Michigan Technological University United States (USA) (US) Michigan State University United States (USA) (US) Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca (UPP) Mexico (MX) National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico / Instituto Politécnico Nacional de México Mexico (MX) University of New Mexico (UNM) / Universidad de Nuevo México United States (USA) (US) Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo / Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Mexico (MX) Stanford University United States (USA) (US) University of Seoul (UOS) / 서울시립대학교 Korea, Republic of (KR) University of Utah United States (USA) (US) Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute / Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN) Mexico (MX)

How to cite

APA:

Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J.C., Avila Rojas, D., Ayala Solares, H.A., Belmont-Moreno, E.,... Zepeda, A. (2022). Study of the Very High Energy Emission of M87 through its Broadband Spectral Energy Distribution. Astrophysical Journal, 934(2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac7b78

MLA:

Alfaro, R., et al. "Study of the Very High Energy Emission of M87 through its Broadband Spectral Energy Distribution." Astrophysical Journal 934.2 (2022).

BibTeX: Download