Conventions and nomenclature for double diffusion encoding NMR and MRI

Shemesh N, Jespersen SN, Alexander DC, Cohen Y, Drobnjak I, Dyrby TB, Finsterbusch J, Koch MA, Kuder T, Laun FB, Lawrenz M, Lundell H, Mitra PP, Nilsson M, Ozarslan E, Topgaard D, Westin CF (2016)

Publication Type: Journal article, Review article

Publication year: 2016

Journal

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Wiley

Book Volume: 75

Pages Range: 82-87

Journal Issue: 1

DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25901

Abstract

Stejskal and Tanner's ingenious pulsed field gradient design from 1965 has made diffusion NMR and MRI the mainstay of most studies seeking to resolve microstructural information in porous systems in general and biological systems in particular. Methods extending beyond Stejskal and Tanner's design, such as double diffusion encoding (DDE) NMR and MRI, may provide novel quantifiable metrics that are less easily inferred from conventional diffusion acquisitions. Despite the growing interest on the topic, the terminology for the pulse sequences, their parameters, and the metrics that can be derived from them remains inconsistent and disparate among groups active in DDE. Here, we present a consensus of those groups on terminology for DDE sequences and associated concepts. Furthermore, the regimes in which DDE metrics appear to provide microstructural information that cannot be achieved using more conventional counterparts (in a model-free fashion) are elucidated. We highlight in particular DDE's potential for determining microscopic diffusion anisotropy and microscopic fractional anisotropy, which offer metrics of microscopic features independent of orientation dispersion and thus provide information complementary to the standard, macroscopic, fractional anisotropy conventionally obtained by diffusion MR. Finally, we discuss future vistas and perspectives for DDE.

Authors with CRIS profile

Frederik Bernd Laun

Involved external institutions

Champalimaud Foundation / Fundação Champalimaud PT Portugal (PT) Aarhus University DK Denmark (DK) University College London (UCL) GB United Kingdom (GB) Tel Aviv University IL Israel (IL) Copenhagen University Hospital DK Denmark (DK) Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) DE Germany (DE) Universität zu Lübeck DE Germany (DE) Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) DE Germany (DE) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory US United States (USA) (US) Lund University / Lunds universitet SE Sweden (SE) Bogazici University TR Turkey (TR) Harvard University US United States (USA) (US)

How to cite

APA:

Shemesh, N., Jespersen, S.N., Alexander, D.C., Cohen, Y., Drobnjak, I., Dyrby, T.B.,... Westin, C.-F. (2016). Conventions and nomenclature for double diffusion encoding NMR and MRI. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 75(1), 82-87. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.25901

MLA:

Shemesh, Noam, et al. "Conventions and nomenclature for double diffusion encoding NMR and MRI." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 75.1 (2016): 82-87.

BibTeX: Download