Goecke T, Voigt F, Faschingbauer F, Spangler G, Beckmann M, Beetz A (2012)
Publication Language: English
Publication Type: Journal article, Original article
Publication year: 2012
Original Authors: Spangler Gottfried, Beckmann M. W., Beetz A., Goecke T. W., Voigt F., Faschingbauer F.,
Publisher: Springer Verlag (Germany)
Book Volume: 286
Pages Range: 309-316
Journal Issue: 2
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-012-2286-6
Purpose: This prospective study investigated associations between prenatal attachment of adult first-time mothers to the unborn child, perinatal factors and levels of depression before and up to 18 months after delivery. Method: Primiparas (N = 161) without specific risk factors answered the following questionnaires during the last term of pregnancy (t1): Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS), questionnaire on the schema of the unborn child, and a questionnaire about the pregnancy. Perinatal data were taken from the patients' files. The EPDS was answered 3 weeks (t2, N = 157), 6 months (t3, N = 159), and 18 months (t4, N = 132) postpartum. Results: During pregnancy, 16.9 % of the women indicated mild depressive symptoms, and 7.5 %, medium to severe symptoms of depression. Mild symptoms of depression were found in 25.5 % at t2, 10.1 % at t3, and 12.2 % at t4; medium to severe symptoms were reported by 7.6, 1.9 and 5.6 %, respectively. Women with low control during delivery (emergency Caesarean) showed a tendency for higher levels (p = 0.067) of depression at t3 than women with elective Caesarean did. The quality of prenatal attachment to the unborn child correlated negatively with depressive symptoms at t1-t4. Conclusions: The closer the prenatal attachment of a mother to her unborn child, the less symptoms of depression she reports during the last term of pregnancy and postpartum. Therefore, promoting good mother-child attachment during pregnancy might influence the level of postpartum depression. © Springer-Verlag 2012.
APA:
Goecke, T., Voigt, F., Faschingbauer, F., Spangler, G., Beckmann, M., & Beetz, A. (2012). The association of prenatal attachment and perinatal factors with pre- and postpartum depression in first-time mothers. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 286(2), 309-316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-012-2286-6
MLA:
Goecke, T., et al. "The association of prenatal attachment and perinatal factors with pre- and postpartum depression in first-time mothers." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 286.2 (2012): 309-316.
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